Procedures

Insulin Clamp

  • Peripheral infusion of 3-3H-Glucose and Insulin
  • Peripheral infusion of Glucose to maintain desired concentration
  • Blood sampled via arterial catheter
  • 14C-2-Deoxyglucose optional (measure muscle glucose uptake)

Pancreatic Clamp

  • Peripheral infusion of 3-3H-Glucose and somatostation (inhibit endogenous production of insulin & glucagon
  • Intraportal infusion of insulin and glucagon at set concentrations
  • Peripheral infusion of glucose to maintain desired concentration
  • Blood sampled via arterial &/or portal vein catheter
  • 14C optional 

Hyperglycemic Clamp

  • Peripheral infusion of glucose to maintain desired concentration, typically 250 mg/dl measured by glucometer
  • Blood sampled via arterial catheter

Tolerance Test

  • Glucose or Insulin
  • Oral, Intravenous, or Intraperitoneal
  • Blood sampled via arterial catheter

Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetic Study (DMPK)

  • Administration of substrate(s) by single infusion or bolus via venous catheter, oral gavage, IP injection, or SC injection
  • Blood sampled from arterial catheter

 

Dosing Techniques

  • Oral Gavage
  • Subcutaneous injection
  • Intraperitoneal injection
  • Intravenous injection  (catheter or tail vein)

Sampling Techniques 

  • Tail vein under anesthesia
  • Tail clip
  • Surgical catheters
  • Cardiac puncture
  • Cisterna magna under anesthesia