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Wick JB, Sivaganesan A, Chotai S, Archer KR, Posey SL, Evans PT, Campbell JR, Devin CJ. Is There a Preoperative Morphine Equianalgesic Dose that Predicts Ability to Achieve a Clinically Meaningful Improvement Following Spine Surgery? Neurosurgery. 2018 Aug 1;83(83). 245-251.
Abstract
Preoperative opioid use is widespread and associated with worse patient-reported outcomes following spine surgery.