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Yacob Tedla
Funding: Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer Alliance
Grant Number: CV185-767Recent studies showed racial disparity in the prescription of oral anticoagulants (OAC) and risk of stroke among insured atrial fibrillation patients with access to care. The aims of this project are i) to explore whether patient drug cost-sharing and OAC contraindications explain the racial disparity in prescription of OAC and ii) to investigate whether the patient level of adherence to OAC medications and receiving a non-recommended dosage of OAC explain the racial disparity in the incidence of thromboembolic stroke.
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Danxia Yu
Agency: NHLBI
Grant Number: R01HL149779To identify circulating gut microbial metabolites related to the risk of incident coronary heart disease among Chinese, White Americans, and African Americans
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Loren Lipworth
Agency: EpidStrategies
To identify real-world cohorts of patients with a diagnosis of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction using electronic health records, and to describe their clinical, laboratory and health outcome characteristics.
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Robinson Cohen
Agency: NIH/NIDDK
Grant Number: R01DK122075Disturbances in mineral metabolism are associated with cardiovascular and bone disease, among individuals with kidney disease and in the general population. Despite intensive investigation, however, it is unclear whether these associations are causal, and if so, which mineral metabolism marker may be the causal culprit. The proposed studies have direct significance for understanding pathologies related to mineral metabolism disturbances and may lead to the identification of novel drugs and therapies to prevent cardiovascular and bone disease.
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Christianne Roumie, Carlos G. Grijalva
Agency: AHRQ
Grant Number: 1T32HS026122This training program provides support for personalized mentoring for projects related to the learning healthcare system paradigm.
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PIs: Wang, Thomas, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Gerzten, Robert (Harvard University)
Agency: NIH/NIDDK
Grant No.: R01DK108159-01A1Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pathogenesis of DM reflects a complex interplay of genetic, dietary, and environmental exposures affecting multiple pathways. It is well recognized that there is phenotypic heterogeneity among individuals who develop DM. Using resources from the Shanghai Women's Health Study and Shanghai Men's Health Study, this study comprehensively evaluates metabolomic profiling to identify metabolites associated with incident DM in a population with low prevalence of obesity. This research applied a two-phase nested case-control study design and included metabolomic data from a total of 2,258 participants. (Research activities are ongoing.)
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Robinson Cohen
Agency: NIH/NIDDK
Grant Number: K01DK109019We do not yet understand what controls the abnormal elevation of parathyroid hormone. The proposed studies have direct significance for understanding the mechanisms of parathyroid hormone regulation and may ultimately lead to the development of novel therapies to treat altered calcium and phosphorus metabolism and improve clinical outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease.
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Jose Florez (Mass General)
Agency: NHLBI
Grant Number: R01DK123019This study will validate GWAS findings regarding the association of genetic factors with glycemic response to pharmacotherapy for Type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
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Nikhil Khankari
Agency: NIH/NCI
Grant Number: R00CA215360Arachidonic acid, a long-chain omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), has been demonstrated to affect carcinogenesis in animal and in vitro studies. The effect of arachidonic acid is believed to be largely due to overproduction of the eicosanoid, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). The other class of PUFAs, omega-3, also bind to the same enzymes involved in arachidonic acid metabolism; however, the resulting set of eicosanoids are anti-inflammatory. Thus, omega-3 PUFA metabolism could indirectly inhibit PGE2 production and reduce cancer risk. Multiple genetic variants have been identified to be associated with PUFAs. The goal of the proposed K99/R00 award is to elucidate the potential causal association between long-chain PUFAs and colorectal tumor risk using Mendelian randomization (MR), an approach that may avoid potential pitfalls of conventional observational epidemiologic research.
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Yacob Tedla
Agency: NHLBI of the NIH
Grant Number: 1K01HL145345Clinical trials demonstrated that a high rate of BP control (up to 85%) can be achieved with currently available therapies and strictly following recommended treatment protocols; however, more than half of treated hypertensive patients with access to care have uncontrolled BP in the United States. The aims of this project are (i) to develop a tool to objectively evaluate provider compliance to hypertension treatment guideline by addressing several aspects of hypertension management, and (ii) to investigate the association between compliance to a guideline and patients' trajectory of BP while accounting for patient risk factors for uncontrolled BP.
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Wei Zheng
Funding Agency: NIH
Grant Number: R01 CA82729, UM1 CA173640The Shanghai Men's Health Study (SMHS), funded by the NCI since 2001, is a population-based cohort study of 61,482 men aged between 35 and 75 years and recruited from 2002 to 2006. At baseline, detailed information on dietary intakes, personal habits, occupational history, medical history, and other lifestyle factors was collected, and anthropometrics were measured. Blood or buccal cells and urine samples were collected from 89% of participants. The cohort has been followed through multiple in-person surveys to update exposure information and through record linkages with the population-based Shanghai Cancer Registry and Shanghai Vital Statistics Registry to obtain information on cancer occurrence and survival status. Over the years, SMHS data and biological samples have been used to evaluate many important etiologic hypotheses addressing the contributions of environmental, dietary, lifestyle, and genetic exposures to the development of cancer and other chronic diseases. More information can be found in the SMHS website: https://swhs-smhs.app.vumc.org/. (Research activities are ongoing.)
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Wei Zheng, Wen Wanqing
Funding Agency: NIH
Grant Number: UM1CA182910This population-based prospective cohort study was initiated in 1996, in which ~75,000 Chinese women living in Shanghai were recruited from 1996 to 2000. In addition to survey data, most study participants donated a blood or mouthwash sample and a urine sample at baseline. This cohort of women is being followed for incidence of site-specific cancers and cause-specific mortality. Five in-person follow-up surveys have been completed, each with a response rate greater than 90%. The resources from this study have supported more than 200 studies, including approximately 40 international research consortia, to address etiologic hypotheses for cancers and other chronic diseases. The SWHS, with its large sample size, wealth of resources, unique exposure patterns, and disease spectrum, provides exceptional opportunities to address many significant hypotheses that cannot be adequately investigated in other existing cohorts.
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Wei Zheng, Martha Shrubsole
Agency: NIH
Grant Number: U01CA202979The SCCS was initiated in 2001. Nearly 86,000 adults aged 40-79 at cohort entry were recruited during 2002-2009 across 12 southern states, mostly at Community Health Centers (institutions providing basic health and preventive services in underserved areas). By design, two-thirds of the cohort was selected to be African American and the remainder predominantly non-Hispanic white to help remedy the underrepresentation of African Americans in health studies and enable direct black/white comparisons. Most of the cohort members, both black and white, had low income and education levels. In addition to detailed survey data, biospecimens were collected from more than 76,000 cohort members at baseline, with blood obtained and stored for approximately 39,000, mouth rinses/saliva for 38,000, and urine for 24,000, so that genomic DNA could be extracted from nearly 90% of participants. In 2018, we initiated stool sample collection and have collected these samples from ~8,500 cohort members. This cohort is being followed for incidence of site-specific cancers and cause-specific mortality. Data and biospecimens collected in the SCCS have been used to support large numbers of epidemiologic and genetic studies of cancer and other chronic diseases.
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Danxia Yu
Funding Agency: NIDDK
Grant Number: R01DK126721To establish a longitudinal cohort of patients undergoing metabolic surgery, examine changes in the gut microbiome and microbial metabolites, and identify microbial features that may predict cardiometabolic improvements after surgery.
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Danxia Yu
Funding Agency: NHLBI
R21HL140375We conducted an international consortium-based analysis of circulating TMAO and related metabolites in relation to dietary intakes and cardiometabolic biomarkers. A total of 17 cohort studies from the US, Europe, and Asia participated in this pooling project.
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Wilbroad Mutale, MBChB, PhD, Douglas C Heimburger, MD, MS
Funding Agency: NIH
Grant Number: 5D43 TW009744UVP trains Zambian PhD- and postdoctoral HIV researchers, equipping them with research skills in non-communicable complications and comorbidities of HIV, while expanding the University of Zambia (UNZA) / University Teaching Hospital's (UTH) research training and investigative capacities.
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Douglas C Heimburger, MD, MS, Muktar Aliyu, MBBS, DrPH
Funding Agency: NIH/NIAID
Grant Number: 2D43 TW009337Vanderbilt-Emory-Cornell-Duke (VECD) is one of six consortia that comprise the Fogarty Global Health Program for Fellows and Scholars. The purpose of this program is to provide mentored global health research training opportunities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) for pre- and post-doctoral candidates from the U.S. and LMICs. The program is sponsored by the Fogarty International Center (FIC) and several collaborating Institutes and Centers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Multiple training sites are available through VECD.