Patient reported outcomes after lumbar epidural steroid injection for degenerative spine disease in depressed versus non-depressed patients.

Non-operative modalities such as lumbar epidural steroid injections (LESI) are often used in the setting of lumbar spine disorders where other conservative measures have failed. Concomitant depression can lead to worse outcomes in lumbar spine pathology. A number of studies have demonstrated an association between preoperative depression and poor outcomes following surgery but the effect of depression on outcomes following non-operative modalities is poorly understood.