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Our Mission: To train the next generation of scientists and physicians and make fundamental discoveries in the areas of infection biology, immunology, and inflammation with the goal of increasing knowledge and improving human health.

Spotlight: Katy Bunn, PhD & Heather Pua, MD, PhD

Katy Bunn, PhD, was a graduate student in the Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology in the Pua Lab at Vanderbilt University Medical Center at the time of this work. Her research focused on understanding how T helper 2 (Th2) cell–derived extracellular vesicles regulate allergic inflammation. Specifically, her work examined how cytokine cargo on the surface of extracellular vesicles, including IL-3, promotes eosinophil survival in both in vitro systems and in vivo mouse models of asthma. Through this research, Dr. Bunn contributed to uncovering new mechanisms of immune cell communication that may help explain persistent inflammation in patients whose asthma is not fully controlled by existing therapies. Heather Pua, MD, PhD, is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology whose laboratory studies how extracellular vesicles and extracellular RNAs regulate chronic tissue inflammation. Her research focuses on diseases with long-term impact and limited treatment options, such as asthma. By combining mechanistic studies of immune cell–derived extracellular vesicles with translational disease models, Dr. Pua’s work aims to identify alternative inflammatory pathways that may contribute to disease persistence and therapeutic resistance. Her lab’s findings seek to expand current treatment paradigms and improve outcomes for patients with chronic inflammatory diseases.

Matthew Stier, MD, PhD

Matthew
Stier, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
Medical Center North
1161 21st Ave S
Room / Suite
T1218
Nashville
37232
matthew.stier@vumc.org

Research Summary:
The Stier lab focuses on defining mechanisms of immune dysfunction in human critical illness, including sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Using primary biospecimens from ICU patients, the lab integrates high-dimensional cytometry, perturbation studies, metabolic flux analysis, and single-cell transcriptomics to understand how immune cells fail or adapt during severe illness. A central theme is the dynamic nature of immune responses in critical illness, with particular attention to how metabolic stress shapes adaptive versus maladaptive trajectories as patients progress toward recovery, persistent organ failure, or death. In parallel, the lab pursues methods development to expand the scope of mechanistic investigation that can be performed directly in humans. The overarching goal is to leverage these mechanistic insights to identify and prioritize therapeutic targets with the intent of restoring effective immunity in ICU patients.

Nichole Maloney, M.S.

Nichole
Maloney, M.S.
M.S.
Senior Research Specialist
nichole.maloney@vumc.org

Originally from Portland, Oregon, Nichole earned a B.S. and M.S. from University of Nevada, Reno. She supports laboratory and the VI4 operations.

Recommended Reading - March & April 2025

Suppression of Class Switch Recombination to IgA by RASA2 and RASA3 through Inhibition of TGF-β Signaling. Mamand S, et al. in Journal of Immunology, October 25, 2024The neonatal Fc receptor is a cellular receptor for human astrovirus. Ingle H, et al.

Recommended Reading - January & February 2025

Histone H1 kills MRSA. Marsman G, et al. in Cell Reports, November 14, 2024Dietary and water restriction leads to increased susceptibility to antimicrobial resistant pathogens. Lacey K, et al.